利用計算機設計工具進行裝置設計

在學grasshopper的路上碰到了很多朋友和老師的支持，經常混跡在很多羣裏面受益匪淺，ncf給予了蠻多幫助，在大水牛的羣裏學到了蠻多，月神，未知，大鹿都給予蠻多幫助，自己技術不行，英語也也差不過還是想出一份力，自己在空閒時間也會發點微信，原文網址就是未知兄給的，英文看的很累，自己嘗試了翻譯了下，希望對大家有點用，不要噴我英語啊，感覺這個帖子還蠻實用的

英文原文轉載自 designplaygrounds

原作者 ThinkParametric

原文鏈接請點擊 http://designplaygrounds.com/projects/designing-an-installation-using-computational-design-tools/

原標題 Designing an installation using computational design tools

翻譯：qingyun

本文由 EADss 微信平臺翻譯

由於本人第一次翻譯文章，並且水平有限翻譯過程中難免有所瑕疵，希望大家包含，小編已經盡力在做了，昨天沒有發文抱歉，由於初次翻譯速度比較慢，而且也比較忙所沒沒來的及，後面會越來越快越好的，謝謝大家的關注支持。

In this blog post, we’ll explain how we managed to go from a conceptual design to shop drawings in ten days by relying heavily on to the use of computational design tools throughout the whole design process.

      在這篇文章中，我們將闡述我們如何在十天時間裏大量的依託計算機設計工具來管理從概念設計到施工圖的整個設計過程。

     ThinkParametric and Rojkind Arquitectos collaborated on an installation forLENOM-PB, a renowned branding firm, for one of their special events. The design brief consisted of designing an architectural space that would serve as a lounge area to receive over 400 visitors. The area should serve as a space allowing guests to share drinks and relax under and interesting atmosphere.

  The project was challenging because of various constraints we had to take into consideration. The main one being a very strict and limited time window to design and build the project. The objective was to come up with a design that complied with the necessities mentioned before and at the same time was able to be manufactured and installed in a simple, fast and efficient way. Another constraint was that the installation needed to be uninstalled easily as the event took place in a television forum where events take place at a regular interval. Finally, the design should create interesting, and elegant spaces for its visitors.

   ThinkParametric和Rojkind Arquitectos公司合作安装forLENOM-PB，Rojkind Arquitectosshiyi是一個著名的品牌推廣公司，這對於他們來說這是一個特殊的項目。這個短暫的設計包括一個能容納超過400人休息的建築空間，在這個區域允許遊客分享他們的飲品、放鬆並且是一個有趣的服務空間。

  這個項目的挑戰在於我們要考慮各種條件的束縛。主要的束縛是項目設計和建造的時間非常的嚴格和有限，目地是爲了在滿足前面所提到的要求的同時能夠找到一種簡單、快速與有效的加工和安裝的方式。另一個限制是在經常舉辦活動的電視論壇區域的裝置需要是很容易的安裝和拆卸。最後，對於參觀者來說這應該是一個有趣和簡潔的空間。

Seating area（座椅區）

   The result was the creation of a simple constructive system when put in place correctly generates geometrically interesting spaces. If two elements are connected with wires and those two elements are alternatingly rotated, they create a seemingly vaulted space.

   設計的結果是創建一個簡單的建造系統在正確實施下就可以得到一個有趣的幾何空間。如果兩個交替旋轉的構件用繩子連接就可以創造一個看似拱形的空間。

Axonometric diagram（軸測圖）

  To meet the tight schedules, special computational tools in the form of several scripts were created to automate all the generation of the structural custom nodes this installation required. All the construction drawing sets were automatically generated from the parametric model that was set up for this project. This allowed the design team to jump from a schematic design proposal to a full set of construction drawings in a span of only ten days and gave the fabrication and construction teams enough time to manufacture and install all the elements in time.

    To model the nodes in a fast and efficient way, we first modeled a wireframe model consisting of points and lines. The individual line pieces represented the tubes and the points the connection nodes. These points and lines were used as our input in Grasshopper. Within Grasshopper, we had control over the size of the nodes, various spacing requirements between the connections, the size and thickness of the connection plates and the spacing of the tubes depending on the number of elements coming together at a node.

   爲了滿足嚴格的時間表，使用專門的計算工具利用幾行代碼就可以自動創建所有需要的結構節點。所有施工图集自动生成参数模型,建立这个项目。這使得設計團隊從概念設計的提出到全套施工圖紙的產生只用了十天，這就給了製造和施工團隊足夠的時間來生產和安裝所有的構件。

      模型的節點有一個快速和有效的方法生成，我們首先由點和線構建線框模型，每根線的部分代表了鋼管和鋼管的端點以及連接的節點。這些點和線被我們輸入到Grasshopper中，在Grasshopper中，我們控制節點的大小，不同間距的要求之間的連接，連接板的大小和厚度以及鋼管的距離取決於構件在一個節點的數量。

From the 3D wireframe model to shop drawings（從三維線框模型到施工圖）

  Because of the simple geometrical wireframe model, changes could be made fast and because of the use of Grasshopper those changes would automatically update each node, keeping the various requirements and constraints needed for manufacturing. The shop drawings were done manually because of the small number of nodes and also to have an extra check to ensure the nodes were drawn accurate.

   The same wireframe model was used to tag each node and element with a unique name. This was done to be able to accurately identify elements during the whole design process from initial design followed by the shop drawings to the manufacturing and installation of the pavilion. The lines were used as an input in Grasshopper to generate the shop drawings of the various tube elements. The most important reason of doing it this way was accuracy. By linking in the line elements, various data was extracted in Grasshopper, like its unique tag, its length, its start and end points and in some cases the number of rings attached to it. The Grasshopper definition generated the shop drawings based on the information extracted from the line elements, eliminating human errors that could have occurred like mislabeling an element or specifying the wrong length.

         使用Grasshopper軟件使得這個簡單的幾何線框模型可以快速的被更改，並且每個節點也會根據這些改變自動的跟新，以滿足生產所需的各種要求和限制。施工圖是手動完成的，因爲有些小的節點需要被額外的檢查以確保節點圖紙的準確。

  每個相同的線框模型都有唯一的名字來標記節點與構件，這樣做是爲了保證每個構件從最初的設計到後面的製造與安裝的整個過程都是按照施工圖紙來的。利用Grasshopper拾取線來生成鋼管構件的施工圖紙，這樣做最重要的原因是確保其精確性。利用Grasshopper提取線框模型連接的線和各種數據，比如唯一標註和長度，以及起點與終點在某些情況下360度節點的數量。在提取線的信息元素，消除可能發生人爲錯誤像一個不當的元素或者錯誤的長度的基礎上利用Grasshopper準確的生成施工圖紙。

From the 3D wireframe model to shop drawings（從三維線框模型到施工圖）

   Another important factor is the speed of which these shop drawings were produced. We had a total of 82 tube members, which meant 20 sheets of shop drawings. Because of the Grasshopper definition we could spit out the shop drawings with a press of a button. Some changes occurred during the design process due to extra structural restraints we got from the structural engineer, but luckily we could simply adjust the wireframe model and run the Grasshopper definition again to produce the shop drawings.

   另外一個重要的原因是這些圖紙生成的速度。我們總共有82個鋼管構件，這意味着有20張施工圖紙。利用Grasshopper的設定我們只需要按下一個按鈕就可以生成施工圖紙。在設計的過程中有些特別的結構會限制我們的結構工程師從而導致方案發生一些改變，但是辛運的是我們可以簡單的調整線框模型再次運行Grasshopper就可得到新的構件的施工圖。

Diagram of one of the structural nodes（節點結構圖）

Image of one of the structural nodes（單個節點結構實物圖）

  Simple materials that are widely available and easy to manipulate were selected for the installation. Steel tubes were used for the structural elements and were bolted to custom designed structural nodes. For the wire elements, natural fiber rope was chosen. This material is easy to manipulate and gives a warm feeling to the space, enhancing the effect of creating a ‘roof’ that serves well as a lounge area.

  爲了安裝的便利我們廣泛使用了容易購買和操作的簡單材料，採用鋼管作爲結構構件，定製設計螺栓作爲結構的節點，挑選天然纖維繩作爲線元素，這種材料很容易操作並且使得空間給人一種溫暖的感覺，加強了休息區“屋頂”的感覺。

View from the bar area（從酒吧區看的實景圖）

Conncection detail of the ropes and the tube elements（繩子和管連接的細節）

The installation is comprised of:
– 30 Primary structural members
– 52 Secondary structural Members
– 19 Structural cables
– 38 Custom structural nodes
– 6401 Meter of natural fiber rope

裝置包含：

--30主要構件

--52個二級構件

--19個結構錨索

--38個定製的結構節點

--6401米的天然纤维绳

Central area（中心區域）

Wireframe physical model, to help the installers and manufacturer locate, place and fabriacte the elements more easy（線框物理模型，用來幫助安裝者和製造者定位地點和製造更加的容易）

Construction detail（建造細節）

Installation process（安裝過程）

Central area（中心區域）

Central area（中心區域）

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